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Richard McCulloch,1949年生人,美国人类学家,鉴于其理论的影响力越来越大,介绍一下他对蒙古人种的分类II. Mongoloid Subspecies
A. Northern Mongoloid racial group
1. Northeast Asian race (various subraces in northern China, Manchuria, Korea and Japan)
2. Ainuid race (remnants of aboriginal population in northern Japan)
3. Tungid race (Mongolia and Siberia, Eskimos)
4. Amerindian race (American Indians; various subraces)
B. Southern Mongoloid racial group
1. Southeast Asian race (various subraces in southern China, Indochina, Thailand, Myanmar [Burma], Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines, the last four partly hybridized with Australoids)
2. Micronesian-Polynesian race (predominantly Southern Mongoloid partly hybridized with Australoids)
Dominant or predominant = over 60% majority
Majority or major = 50-60% majority
Principal or primary = 25-49% plurality; less than a majority, but most numerous racial type
Important = 25-49% minority; not most numerous racial type
Common = 6-25% minority
Minor = 5% or less minority
McCulloch将蒙古人种分为南北两大类型:
北方蒙古人种包括4个亚型:
1、东北亚人种类型(包含各种各样的亚型,如北方中国人、满洲、日本、韩国)
2、通古斯人种类型(包括蒙古、西伯利亚和爱斯基摩)
3、阿伊努人种类型(日本土著阿伊奴人)
4、美洲人种类型(各种各样的美洲类型)
南方蒙古人种包含2个亚型:
1、东南亚人种类型(包含各种各样的亚型,如南方中国人、印度支那、泰国、缅甸、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、菲律宾,后四者还可以归入蒙古人种和澳大利亚人种的混合类型)
2、密克罗尼西亚-波利尼西亚人种类型(主要的(指60%+)蒙古人种成分和次要的澳大利亚人种成分的混合)
内容摘自The Races of Humanity, Richard McCulloch,可以搜索到免费全文。 |
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